ASME B16.47:1996 pdf free download LARGE DIAMETER STEEL FLANGES NP8 28 Through NPS 60
1.sCoPE
1.1 General
This Standard covers pressure-temperature ratings,materials，dimensions,tolerances，marking, and testingfor pipe flanges in sizes NPS 26 through NPS 60 andin ratings Classes 75，150，300，400，600，and 900.Flanges may be cast,forged, or plate (for blind flangesonly) materials，as listed in Table 1A.
Requirements and recomnendations regarding boltingand gaskets are also included.
1.2 Flange Series
This Standard provides two series of flange dimen-sions.Series A specifies flange dimensions for generaluse flanges. Series B specifies fiange dimensions forcompact flanges which,in general, have smaller boltcircle diameters than Series A flanges. These two seriesof flanges are not interchangeable. The user shouldrecognize that some flanged valves，equipment boltedbetween flanges，and flanged equipment may only becompatible with bolt circle diameter of one series offlanges.
1.3 References
1.3.1 Referenced Standards. Standards and spec-ifications adopted by reference in this Standard areshown in Annex E,which is part of this Standard. Itis not considered practical to identify the specific editionof each standard and specification in the individualreferences. Instead,the specific edition reference isidentified in Annex E.A flange manufactured in accord-ance with earlier editions of the referenced standards,and in all other respects conforming to this Standard,will be considered to be in conformance with thisStandard.
1.3.2 Codes and Regulations. A flange usedunder the jurisdiction of the ASME Boiler and Pressurevessel Code (ASME BPV Code), the ASME Code forPressure Piping, or a governmental regulation is subjectto any limitation of that code or regulation. This includesany maximum temperature limitation，rule governingthe use of a material at low temperature, or provisions for operation at a pressure exceeding the pressure-temperature ratings in this Standard.
1.4 Applicable Ratings
The pressure-temperature ratings in this Standard areapplicable upon its publication to all flanges within itsscope which otherwise meet its requirements. For unusedflanges maintained in inventory，the manufacturer ofthe flange may certify conformance to this Edition,provided he can demonstrate that all requirements ofthis Edition have been met. Where such componentswere installed in accordance with the pressure-tempera-ture ratings of an earlier edition of this Standard, thoseratings are applicable，except as may be governed bythe applicable code or regulation (see para. 1.3.2).1.5 User Accountability
This Standard cites duties and responsibilities thatare to be assumed by the user in the areas of application,installation，hydrostatic testing, operation,and materialselection.
1.6 Quality Systems
Nonmandatory requirements relating to the productmanufacturer’s Quality System Program are describedin Annex D.
2 PRESSURE-TEMPERATURE RATINGs2.1 Rating Basis
Ratings are maximum allowable working gage pres-sures，at the temperatures shown in Table 2 for theapplicable material and rating.For intermediate tempera-tures，linear interpolation is permitted. See Annex A formethods of establishing pressure-temperature ratings.2.2 Ratings of Flanged Joints
A flanged joint is composed of three separate andindependent,although interrelated，components: theflanges, the gasket,and the bolting, which are assembledby yet another influence, the assembler. Proper controlsmust be exercised in the selection and application forall these elements in order to attain a joint which has acceptable leak tightness. Special techniques such ascontrolled bolt tightening may be necessary to achievea tight joint in service.
Ratings in this Standard apply to flanged joints whichconform to the limitations on bolting in para. 5.3 andon gaskets in para. 5.4,and which are made up inaccordance with good practice for alignment and assem-bly. See also para. 2.4. Use of the ratings for flangedjoints not conforming to these limitations is the soleresponsibility of the user. Requirements for alignment
and assembly of joints are not given in this Standard.If the two flanges in a flanged joint do not have the same pressure-temperature ratings，the rating of the joint at any temperature is the lower of athegtwrflange ratings at that temperature.
2.3 Rating Temperature
The temperature shown for a corresponding pressurerating is the temperature of the pressure containingshell of the flange. In general,this temperature is thesame as that of the contained fluid. Use of a pressurerating corresponding to a temperature other than thatof the contained fluid is the responsibility of the user,
ASME B16.47:1996 pdf free download
